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| Home > Publications database > Solid oxide cells – Materials status and their operational behavior |
| Conference Presentation (Invited) | FZJ-2021-03475 |
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2021
Abstract: Solid oxide fuel and electrolyzer cells (SOCs) are one technology to enable a carbon-free future with respect to the generation of electricity (SOFC) or the use of renewable electricity for the production of hydrogen (H2) or synthetic gases (H2 + CO) (SOEC). SOC is the only technology which is able to perform this in ONE system, e.g. the whole system, composed of the stack and the necessary periphery (“balance-of-plant”), can be operated in both modes, called rSOC “reversible solid oxide cell”.While in fuel cell mode electrical efficiencies reach approx. 60% (including thermal: > 80%), in electrolysis mode the “basic” efficiency is around 65% and, if waste heat and water vapor are existing, the percentage reaches values above 90%.Actual SOC stacks and systems have proven their long-term availability by operational times of nearly 100,000 h (SOFC stack), ~ 40,000 h (SOFC system) and approx. 20,000 h (SOEC stack). During operation, stacks and systems loose performance to a certain extent. Typical degradation rates are ~ 0.5 % / 1,000 h in fuel cell and around 1 % / 1,000 h in electrolysis mode. Both operational modes show partly different degradation effects.The presentation gives an overview on the current materials used in solid oxide fuel and electrolyzer stacks (e.g. cells, contacting, sealants and interconnects) and highlights their operational behavior in fuel cell and electrolysis mode and the main materials-related degradation phenomena based on stack test results.
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