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@ARTICLE{Zimmermann:902544,
      author       = {Zimmermann, Juliane T. and Meuser, Sara and Hinterwimmer,
                      Stefan and Vogeley, Kai},
      title        = {{P}reserved {P}erspective {T}aking in {F}ree {I}ndirect
                      {D}iscourse in {A}utism {S}pectrum {D}isorder},
      journal      = {Frontiers in psychology},
      volume       = {12},
      issn         = {1664-1078},
      address      = {Lausanne},
      publisher    = {Frontiers Research Foundation},
      reportid     = {FZJ-2021-04346},
      pages        = {675633},
      year         = {2021},
      abstract     = {Perspective taking has been proposed to be impaired in
                      persons with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), especially when
                      implicit processing is required. In narrative texts,
                      language perception and interpretation is fundamentally
                      guided by taking the perspective of a narrator. We studied
                      perspective taking in the linguistic domain of so-called
                      Free Indirect Discourse (FID), during which certain text
                      segments have to be interpreted as the thoughts or
                      utterances of a protagonist without explicitly being marked
                      as thought or speech representations of that protagonist (as
                      in direct or indirect discourse). Crucially, the correct
                      interpretation of text segments as FID depends on the
                      ability to detect which of the protagonists “stands out”
                      against the others and is therefore identifiable as implicit
                      thinker or speaker. This so-called “prominence” status
                      of a protagonist is based on linguistic properties (e.g.,
                      grammatical function, referential expression), in other
                      words, the perspective is “hidden” and has to be
                      inferred from the text material. In order to test whether
                      this implicit perspective taking ability that is required
                      for the interpretation of FID is preserved in persons with
                      ASD, we presented short texts with three sentences to adults
                      with and without ASD. In the last sentence, the perspective
                      was switched either to the more or the less prominent of two
                      protagonists. Participants were asked to rate the texts
                      regarding their naturalness. Both diagnostic groups rated
                      sentences with FID anchored to the less prominent
                      protagonist as less natural than sentences with FID anchored
                      to the more prominent protagonist. Our results that the
                      high-level perspective taking ability in written language
                      that is required for the interpretation of FID is well
                      preserved in persons with ASD supports the conclusion that
                      language skills are highly elaborated in ASD so that even
                      the challenging attribution of utterances to protagonists is
                      possible if they are only implicitly given. We discuss the
                      implications in the context of claims of impaired
                      perspective taking in ASD as well as with regard to the
                      underlying processing of FID.},
      cin          = {INM-3},
      ddc          = {150},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)INM-3-20090406},
      pnm          = {5251 - Multilevel Brain Organization and Variability
                      (POF4-525)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF4-5251},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      pubmed       = {pmid:34305731},
      UT           = {WOS:000674878600001},
      doi          = {10.3389/fpsyg.2021.675633},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/902544},
}