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@ARTICLE{Garcs:910711,
      author       = {Garcés, Pilar and Baumeister, Sarah and Mason, Luke and
                      Chatham, Christopher H. and Holiga, Stefan and Dukart,
                      Jürgen and Jones, Emily J. H. and Banaschewski, Tobias and
                      Baron-Cohen, Simon and Bölte, Sven and Buitelaar, Jan K.
                      and Durston, Sarah and Oranje, Bob and Persico, Antonio M.
                      and Beckmann, Christian F. and Bougeron, Thomas and
                      Dell’Acqua, Flavio and Ecker, Christine and Moessnang,
                      Carolin and Charman, Tony and Tillmann, Julian and Murphy,
                      Declan G. M. and Johnson, Mark and Loth, Eva and Brandeis,
                      Daniel and Hipp, Joerg F. and Ahmad, Jumana and Ambrosino,
                      Sara and Auyeung, Bonnie and Banaschewski, Tobias and
                      Baron-Cohen, Simon and Baumeister, Sarah and Beckmann,
                      Christian F. and Bölte, Sven and Bourgeron, Thomas and
                      Bours, Carsten and Brammer, Michael and Brandeis, Daniel and
                      Brogna, Claudia and de Bruijn, Yvette and Buitelaar, Jan K.
                      and Chakrabarti, Bhismadev and Charman, Tony and
                      Cornelissen, Ineke and Crawley, Daisy and Dell’Acqua,
                      Flavio and Dumas, Guillaume and Durston, Sarah and Ecker,
                      Christine and Faulkner, Jessica and Frouin, Vincent and
                      Garcés, Pilar and Goyard, David and Ham, Lindsay and
                      Hayward, Hannah and Hipp, Joerg and Holt, Rosemary and
                      Johnson, Mark H. and Jones, Emily J. H. and Kundu, Prantik
                      and Lai, Meng-Chuan and ardhuy, Xavier Liogier D’ and
                      Lombardo, Michael V. and Loth, Eva and Lythgoe, David J. and
                      Mandl, René and Marquand, Andre and Mason, Luke and Mennes,
                      Maarten and Meyer-Lindenberg, Andreas and Moessnang, Carolin
                      and Mueller, Nico and Murphy, Declan G. M. and Oakley,
                      Bethany and O’Dwyer, Laurence and Oldehinkel, Marianne and
                      Oranje, Bob and Pandina, Gahan and Persico, Antonio M. and
                      Ruggeri, Barbara and Ruigrok, Amber and Sabet, Jessica and
                      Sacco, Roberto and Cáceres, Antonia San José and Simonoff,
                      Emily and Spooren, Will and Tillmann, Julian and Toro,
                      Roberto and Tost, Heike and Waldman, Jack and Williams,
                      Steve C. R. and Wooldridge, Caroline and Zwiers, Marcel P.},
      title        = {{R}esting state {EEG} power spectrum and functional
                      connectivity in autism: a cross-sectional analysis},
      journal      = {Molecular autism},
      volume       = {13},
      number       = {1},
      issn         = {2040-2392},
      address      = {London},
      publisher    = {BioMed Central},
      reportid     = {FZJ-2022-04082},
      pages        = {22},
      year         = {2022},
      abstract     = {BackgroundUnderstanding the development of the neuronal
                      circuitry underlying autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is
                      critical to shed light into its etiology and for the
                      development of treatment options. Resting state EEG provides
                      a window into spontaneous local and long-range neuronal
                      synchronization and has been investigated in many ASD
                      studies, but results are inconsistent. Unbiased
                      investigation in large and comprehensive samples focusing on
                      replicability is needed.MethodsWe quantified resting state
                      EEG alpha peak metrics, power spectrum (PS, 2–32 Hz) and
                      functional connectivity (FC) in 411 children, adolescents
                      and adults (n = 212 ASD, n = 199 neurotypicals [NT],
                      all with IQ > 75). We performed analyses in source-space
                      using individual head models derived from the
                      participants’ MRIs. We tested for differences in mean and
                      variance between the ASD and NT groups for both PS and FC
                      using linear mixed effects models accounting for age, sex,
                      IQ and site effects. Then, we used machine learning to
                      assess whether a multivariate combination of EEG features
                      could better separate ASD and NT participants. All analyses
                      were embedded within a train-validation approach
                      $(70\%–30\%$ split).ResultsIn the training dataset, we
                      found an interaction between age and group for the
                      reactivity to eye opening (p = .042 uncorrected), and a
                      significant but weak multivariate ASD vs. NT classification
                      performance for PS and FC (sensitivity 0.52–0.62,
                      specificity 0.59–0.73). None of these findings replicated
                      significantly in the validation dataset, although the effect
                      size in the validation dataset overlapped with the
                      prediction interval from the training dataset.LimitationsThe
                      statistical power to detect weak effects—of the magnitude
                      of those found in the training dataset—in the validation
                      dataset is small, and we cannot fully conclude on the
                      reproducibility of the training dataset’s
                      effects.ConclusionsThis suggests that PS and FC values in
                      ASD and NT have a strong overlap, and that differences
                      between both groups (in both mean and variance) have, at
                      best, a small effect size. Larger studies would be needed to
                      investigate and replicate such potential effects.},
      cin          = {INM-7},
      ddc          = {610},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)INM-7-20090406},
      pnm          = {5251 - Multilevel Brain Organization and Variability
                      (POF4-525)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF4-5251},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      pubmed       = {35585637},
      UT           = {WOS:000797539700002},
      doi          = {10.1186/s13229-022-00500-x},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/910711},
}