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| Home > Publications database > Impurities in $Na_2S$ Precursor and Their Effect on the Synthesis of W‐Substituted $Na_3PS_4$: Enabling $20 mS cm^{−1}$ Thiophosphate Electrolytes for Sodium Solid‐State Batteries |
| Home > Publications database > Impurities in $Na_2S$ Precursor and Their Effect on the Synthesis of W‐Substituted $Na_3PS_4$: Enabling $20 mS cm^{−1}$ Thiophosphate Electrolytes for Sodium Solid‐State Batteries |
| Journal Article | FZJ-2025-04078 |
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2025
Wiley-VCH
Weinheim
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Please use a persistent id in citations: doi:10.1002/aenm.202503047 doi:10.34734/FZJ-2025-04078
Abstract: Sodium solid-state batteries are intensively researched, expecting a resource-uncritical alternative to their lithium counterparts. As in the case of lithium, sulfide-type electrolytes show promising ionic conductivities $σ$, and $Na_3PS_4$-type solid electrolytes are intensively investigated. Aliovalent substitution of $P^{5+}$ by $W^{6+}$ is shown to achieve sodium ion conductivity $σ(Na^+)$ beyond $10 mS cm^{−1}$, rendering them good candidates for cathode composites. Yet, incorporating $WS_4^{2−}$ into the crystal lattice of $Na_3PS_4$ is deemed challenging, and $Na_{3−x}P_{1−x}W_xS_4$ electrolytes suffer from $WS_2$ residue after synthesis. In this work, impurities in the precursor $Na_2S$ are identified and the detrimental influence of $SO_x$ groups in $Na_2S$ on the synthesis of $Na_3PS_4$ and $Na_{3−x}P_{1−x}W_xS_4$ is demonstrated. The behavior of oxygen as impurity during synthesis is pinpointed, and complete incorporation of tungsten up to x ≈ 0.25 in $Na_{3−x}P_{1−x}W_xS_4$ by purified $Na_2S$, realizing up to $σ(Na^+) = 26.4 mS cm^{−1}$ at room temperature.
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