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| Journal Article | FZJ-2026-00961 |
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2025
[Verlag nicht ermittelbar]
Fayetteville, GA
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Please use a persistent id in citations: doi:10.48130/een-0025-0015 doi:10.34734/FZJ-2026-00961
Abstract: This review provides a comprehensive analysis of techno-economic and life-cycle assessments (TEA and LCA) for biomass thermochemical conversion processes that yield gaseous fuels such as syngas, hydrogen, and methane. The study analyzes core issues, including the influence of feedstock diversity, technological maturity, major cost factors, carbon reduction potential, and environmental outcomes of thermochemical conversion approaches. Research was systematically gathered with an emphasis on works that integrate TEA and LCA for comparative evaluation. An analysis of the production processes shows that both the characteristics of biomass feedstocks and local supply chain logistics critically affect process efficiency and cost-effectiveness. Persistent challenges include catalyst degradation and the integration of carbon capture and storage, which significantly impact technical feasibility and costs. LCA demonstrates that, when paired with effective carbon capture, several conversion pathways can result in net negative greenhouse gas emissions, although modeling and data uncertainties remain. The review highlights the promise of modular, locally adapted biorefineries underpinned by strong policy support, calling for methodological standardization and technological innovation to drive progress toward decarbonized fuel production.
Keyword(s): Earth, Environment and Cultural Heritage (1st) ; Industrial Application (2nd)
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