Journal Article

FZJ-2020-02298

http://join2-wiki.gsi.de/foswiki/pub/Main/Artwork/join2_logo100x88.png Transdiagnostic subtyping of males with developmental disorders using cortical characteristics

Itahashi, T. ; Fujino, J. ; Hashimoto, R.-i. ; Tachibana, Y. ; Sato, T. ; Ohta, H. ; Nakamura, M. ; Kato, N. ; Eickhoff, S. B.FZJ* ; Cortese, S. ; Aoki, Y. Y. (Corresponding author)

2020
Elsevier [Amsterdam u.a.]

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Please use a persistent id in citations: http://hdl.handle.net/2128/26107  doi:10.1016/j.nicl.2020.102288

Abstract: Background: Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) are biologically heterogeneous and often co-occur. As within-diagnosis heterogeneity and overlapping diagnoses are challenging for researchers and clinicians, identifying biologically homogenous subgroups, independent of diagnosis, is an urgent need.Methods: MRI data from 148 adult males with developmental disorders (99 primary ASD, mean age = 31.7 ± 8.0, 49 primary ADHD; mean age = 31.7 ± 9.6) and 105 neurotypical controls (NTC; mean age = 30.6 ± 6.8) were analyzed. We extracted mean cortical thickness (CT) and surface area (SA) values using a functional atlas. Then, we conducted HeterogeneitY through DiscRiminant Analysis (HYDRA) to transdiagnostically cluster and classify individuals. Differences in diagnostic likelihood and clinical symptoms between subtypes were tested. Sensitivity analyses tested the stability of the number of subtypes and their membership by excluding 13 participants diagnosed with both ASD and ADHD and by using a different atlas.Results: In relation to both CT and SA, HYDRA identified two subtypes. The likelihood of ASD or ADHD was not significantly different from the chance of belonging to any of these two subtypes. Clinical characteristics did not differ between subtypes in either CT or SA based analyses. The high consistency in membership was replicated when utilizing a different atlas or excluding people with dual diagnoses in CT (dice coefficients > 0.94) and in SA (>0.88).Conclusion: Although the brain-derived subtypes do not match diagnostic groups, individuals with developmental disorders were successfully and stably subtyped using either CT or SA.Keywords: Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder; Autism spectrum disorder; Cortical thickness; HYDRA; Subtype.

Note: This work was partially supported by the JSPS KAKENHI (grantnumbers 18K15493 to YYA, and 19K03370 and 19H04883 to TI), theTakeda Science Foundation, and from SENSHIN Medical ResearchFoundation (to YYA). This work was also supported by the JapanAgency for Medical Research and Development (AMED), grant numbersJP19dm9397991 (to MN), JP19dm0307008 (to RH) andJP19dm0307026 (to TI).

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Contributing Institute(s):

1. Gehirn & Verhalten (INM-7)

Research Program(s):

1. 572 - (Dys-)function and Plasticity (POF3-572) (POF3-572)

Appears in the scientific report 2020

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