TY - JOUR AU - Heinrichs, Bert TI - Advance research directives: avoiding double standards JO - BMC medical ethics VL - 22 IS - 137 SN - 1472-6939 CY - London PB - BioMed Central M1 - FZJ-2021-03896 SP - PY - 2021 AB - Advance research directives (ARD) have been suggested as a means by which to facilitate research with incapacitated subjects, in particular in the context of dementia research. However, established disclosure requirements for study participation raise an ethical problem for the application of ARDs: While regular consent procedures call for detailed information on a specific study (“token disclosure”), ARDs can typically only include generic information (“type disclosure”). The introduction of ARDs could thus establish a double standard in the sense that within the context of ARDs, type disclosure would be considered sufficient, while beyond this context, token disclosure would remain necessary. LB - PUB:(DE-HGF)16 C6 - 34627232 UR - <Go to ISI:>//WOS:000705226900001 DO - DOI:10.1186/s12910-021-00704-5 UR - https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/901908 ER -