Open Access

Rapid eye movement (REM) sleep behaviour disorder (RBD), particularly its idiopathic/isolated form (iRBD), is a prodromal marker for α-synucleinopathies, including Parkinson's disease, dementia with Lewy bodies and multiple system atrophy. Machine learning (ML) offers opportunities to improve diagnosis and risk stratification in this high-risk group. [...]

BackgroundPrevious research has suggested an association between insomnia disorder (ID) and alterations in emotion processing. Therefore, it is crucial to investigate neurobiological changes in emotion processing in patients with ID before and after Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Insomnia (CBT-I) and to compare them with healthy controls (HC) with task-based functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI).Methods20 patients with ID and 20 HC were included in this study to view five different blocks of pictures with varying emotional arousal, valence, and content (sleep-relatedness) in the fMRI scanner.ResultsA significant Group × Session interaction was identified in the amygdala for both the sleep-related negative contrast (F(1,38) = 4.19, p = .048) and the neutral moderate contrast (F(1,38) = 5.39, p = .026). [...]

Abstract: Sleep disorders are common non-motor symptoms of Parkinson's disease (PD) that significantly impact patients' quality of life. Specifically, alterations in sleep microstructure - such as reduced slow-wave activity and sleep spindles - are prevalent in PD. [...]

We investigated the timing of turn-taking in matched autistic compared to non-autistic pairs of adult speakers. Turn-taking—the organisation of who speaks when—is the fundamental mechanism of communicative interaction, and has been found to be remarkably fast and robust across different groups of speakers. [...]

Letter to the Editor

While reinforcement has repeatedly been shown to impact motor adaptation, previous inconsistent findings hinder our mechanistic understanding. To conciliate contradictory views, we used two distinct motor tasks to investigate whether reinforcement differentially modulates two core motor learning processes: between-trial learning resulting from motor planning and within-trial learning supported by the online correction of ongoing movements. [...]

Brain size measures are well-studied and often treated as a confound in volumetric neuroimaging analyses. Yet their relationship with body anthropometric measures and demographics remains underexplored. [...]