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| Dissertation / PhD Thesis | FZJ-2023-02499 |
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2023
RWTH Aachen University
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Please use a persistent id in citations: doi:10.18154/RWTH-2023-02240 doi:10.34734/FZJ-2023-02499
Abstract: Cancer is one of the major health problems in Europe and leads to enormous socioeconomic burdens. In 2019, 1.55 million people in the EU died from cancer, and 50\% of all cancer patients receive radiotherapy during the course of their disease. Microbeam radiation therapy is a promising approach to successfully minimize the damage to healthy tissue. Preclinical research with MST only became possible with the advent of large synchrotron facilities in the 1990s. However, these costly research facilities are unsuitable for widespread use in the healthcare system, leaving an unmet need for compact sources of microbeam therapy. The core of this work is the design and construction of a bearing and drive unit of a novel x-ray target for a compact microbeam source prototype. In addition to the historical development of x-ray sources, a principal design system is described in which the three bearing variants: rolling bearings, magnetic bearings and sliding bearings are compared on the basis of their technical characteristrics. The principle of a liquid metal lubricated plain bearing provided the best compromise with respect to the given requirements. For the design of the bearing system, the state of the art is analyzed based on a literature review. The relevant fundamentals for modeling the bearing, taking turbulence and cavitation into account, are presented. A recalculation and comparison with other models from the literature is carried out using numerical methods and an analytical solution of the pressure distribution. Based on this, the optimized parameters for the bearing of the rotating anode are calculated. In addition, the influences of frictional heat, manufacturing aspects of the bearing and corrosion due to the liquid metal are discussed and preventive measures are taken. With the bearing calculation completed, the design, construction and calculation of the drive train with target connection is carried out, which consists of two rotating rotor carriers running concentrically around a stationary axis. The liquid metal bearing is formed between the axis and the rotating anode. An asynchronous machine with a separation tube as vacuum boundary drives the rotor. As part of a preliminary test, the behaviour of the liquid metal when it is filled into a vacuum chamber is investigated. For the overall system integration, which consists of a total of 4635 individual parts, the construction and assembly within a radiation protection cabinet is considered and the boundary conditions are planned and carried out.
Keyword(s): microbeam radiotherapy , spiral groove bearing , liquid metal bearing , X-ray
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