Journal Article

FZJ-2024-02244

http://join2-wiki.gsi.de/foswiki/pub/Main/Artwork/join2_logo100x88.png Improved rule-based power distribution algorithm for hybrid battery storage systems and real-world validation

Koltermann, L. (Corresponding author) ; Celi Cortés, M. ; Figgener, J. ; Zurmühlen, S. ; Sauer, D. U.FZJ*

2024
Elsevier Amsterdam [u.a.]

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Please use a persistent id in citations: doi:10.1016/j.est.2024.111360  doi:10.34734/FZJ-2024-02244

Abstract: Large-scale battery energy storage systems (BESS) can serve many applications and are already widely used for grid services. The rapidly growing BESS market and the recent interest in their deployment accentuate the need for safe, reliable, and highly available energy management systems (EMS) for automated control. However, the EMS and their integrated power distribution algorithms (PDA) can still be optimized to adapt various characteristics of the BESS. This study investigates a new version of a PDA with a particular focus on battery aging and system efficiency. The rule-based PDA has been validated on a 6 MW/7.5 MWh BESS system with five battery technologies providing frequency containment reserve to the German power grid. The results underline the PDA's capability to exploit the individual strengths of each battery technology. The PDA sets objectives for the state of charge, energy throughput, and power of the batteries to extend battery life. The distribution of energy throughputs among batteries can be selected in advance through the new implementation of the PDA. At the same time, the inverters are significantly less often activated and used in the optimal efficiency range, increasing the overall system efficiency to approximately 82 %. The optimized switching behavior leads to less frequent power switching between individual battery units and longer phases with more constant power. In addition, the operational efficiency of BESS can be improved by the choice of battery technology and the overall system layout on the hardware side. The improvements on the software side are only possible by increasing the overall power requests through multi-use operation by about 6 % compared to our benchmark test. The results can be used by BESS operators to increase operational profits due to longer battery life and fewer efficiency losses.

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Contributing Institute(s):

1. Helmholtz-Institut Münster Ionenleiter für Energiespeicher (IEK-12)

Research Program(s):

1. 1223 - Batteries in Application (POF4-122) (POF4-122)
2. BMWK-03ESP265F - M5BAT: Modularer multi-Megawatt multi-Technologie Mittelspannungsbatteriespeicher; Teilvorhaben: Entwicklung von Li-Ionen Batterien, Monitoring und Erstellung eines Designhandbuchs (BMWK-03ESP265F) (BMWK-03ESP265F)
3. BMBF 03EI4034 - Einzelvorhaben: EMMUseBat - Entwicklung von Methoden für den Multi-Use-Betrieb von modularen Batteriegroßspeichern im Mittelspannungsnetz (BMBF-03EI4034) (BMBF-03EI4034)

Appears in the scientific report 2024

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Database coverage:
; ; ; Clarivate Analytics Master Journal List ; Current Contents - Engineering, Computing and Technology ; Essential Science Indicators ; SCOPUS ; Science Citation Index Expanded ; Web of Science Core Collection

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