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| Home > Publications database > Absence of JC polyomavirus in stool samples of patients with multiple sclerosis despite high anti-JCV antibodies in serum |
| Journal Article | FZJ-2024-03591 |
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2024
Elsevier
Amsterdam [u.a.]
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Please use a persistent id in citations: doi:10.1016/j.msard.2024.105664 doi:10.34734/FZJ-2024-03591
Abstract: Background: Natalizumab is an effective treatment for relapsing multiple sclerosis (MS). During therapy, individualsare at increased risk of developing progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML). So far, therelevant reservoir for PML-type JC polyomavirus (JCV) remains elusive. We here tested if the detection of JCVDNAin stool of persons with MS treated with natalizumab could be a future tool for PML risk assessment.Methods: The presence of JCV-DNA in stool, urine, and whole blood of MS patients treated with natalizumab andknown serum anti-JCV antibodies index values (IV) was studied. Different DNA extraction methods, real-time(RT) and droplet digital (dd) PCR techniques were compared. JCV isolates were screened for PML-associatedvariants by sequencing.Results: Thirty MS patients treated with natalizumab were screened. For 21 patients, blood, stool, and urinesamples were available. These patients were stratified according to their serum anti-JCV antibody IV (high (>1.5,n = 12); medium (1.5–0.9, n = 2); low (<0.9, n = 1); negative (n = 6)). JCV-DNA could not be detected in thewhole blood or stool samples. Four urine samples had measurable JCV-DNA, ranging from 1.71×104–1.07×108international units (IU)/mL detected by RT-PCR, corresponding to 4.62×104–9.85×106 copies/mL measured byddPCR. All JCV variants were wild-type and derived from patients with high antibody IV.Conclusion: Stool-specific DNA extraction methods provided the highest quality of DNA, while the sensitivity ofddPCR and RT- PCR was comparable. Our findings do not support assessing stool samples for PML risk stratificationin persons with MS. Further studies are needed to explore where PML-associated viral variants arise.
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