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| Home > Workflow collections > In process > Direct visualization of a temperature-induced shift in electroplating mechanism via in situ liquid phase TEM |
| Journal Article | FZJ-2026-00503 |
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2025
Springer Nature Switzerland AG
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Please use a persistent id in citations: doi:10.1557/s43580-025-01454-x
Abstract: Electroplating underpins technologies from batteries to electrocatalysis, yet the nanoscale mechanisms that govern how metals nucleate and grow remain difficult to resolve, particularly under varying temperatures. Temperature is known to criticallyinfluence this balance, but direct experimental evidence of the resulting mechanistic transitions has been lacking. Here weuse the lead–acid battery as a model system to visualize electroplating pathways across a wide thermal range. By combining in situ liquid phase transmission electron microscopy with a MEMS-based platform for simultaneous electrochemicalcontrol and heating, we directly image lead plating and stripping at room temperature and 60 °C. We uncover a temperaturedriven transition from nucleation-dominated plating, yielding fine dendritic networks, to growth-dominated crystallization,producing large faceted particles. Despite similar charge transfer, the resulting morphologies diverge fundamentally. Theseobservations establish a general framework for understanding temperature-controlled electroplating and provide mechanisticinsights relevant to the suppression of dendritic growth in advanced metal-anode batteries.
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