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| Journal Article | FZJ-2026-00980 |
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2025
APS
College Park, MD
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Please use a persistent id in citations: doi:10.1103/5c6d-r1fb doi:10.34734/FZJ-2026-00980
Abstract: We study the problem of estimating frequency response functions of systems of coupled, classical harmonic oscillators using a quantum computer. The functional form of these response functions can be mapped to a corresponding eigenproblem of a Hermitian matrix 𝐻, thus suggesting the use of quantum phase estimation. Our proposed quantum algorithm operates in the standard 𝑠-sparse, oracle-based query access model. For a network of 𝑁 oscillators with maximum norm ∥𝐻∥max, and when the eigenvalue tolerance ɛ is much smaller than the minimum eigenvalue gap, we use 𝒪(log(𝑁𝑠∥𝐻∥max/ɛ) algorithmic qubits and obtain a rigorous worst-case query complexity upper bound 𝒪(𝑠∥𝐻∥max/(𝛿2ɛ)) up to logarithmic factors, where 𝛿 denotes the desired precision on the coefficients appearing in the response functions. Crucially, our proposal does not suffer from the infamous state preparation bottleneck and can as such potentially achieve large quantum speedups compared to relevant classical methods. As a proof-of-principle of exponential quantum speedup, we show that a simple adaptation of our algorithm solves the random glued-trees problem in polynomial time. We discuss practical limitations as well as potential improvements for quantifying finite-size, end-to-end complexities for application to relevant instances.
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