Journal Article

FZJ-2026-03610

http://join2-wiki.gsi.de/foswiki/pub/Main/Artwork/join2_logo100x88.png Lattice QCD constraints on the critical point from an improved precision equation of state

Borsányi, S. ; Fodor, Z.FZJ* ; Guenther, J. N. ; Parotto, P. ; Pásztor, A. ; Ratti, C. ; Vovchenko, V. ; Wong, C. H.

2025
American Physical Society Ridge, NY

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Please use a persistent id in citations: doi:10.1103/rj6r-dmg9  doi:10.34734/FZJ-2026-03610

Abstract: In this paper we employ lattice simulations to search for the critical point of QCD. We search for the onset of a first-order QCD transition on the phase diagram by following contours of constant entropy density from imaginary to real chemical potentials under conditions of strangeness neutrality. We scan the phase diagram and investigate whether these contours meet to determine the probability that the critical point is located in a certain region on the $𝑇−𝜇_𝐵$ plane. To achieve this we introduce a new, continuum extrapolated equation of state at zero density with improved precision using lattices with $𝑁_𝜏$ = 8 , 10, 12, 16 time slices, and supplement it with new data at imaginary chemical potential. The current precision allows us to exclude, at the $2⁢𝜎$ level, the existence of a critical point at $𝜇_𝐵 <450$ MeV.

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Contributing Institute(s):

1. Jülich Supercomputing Center (JSC)

Research Program(s):

1. 5111 - Domain-Specific Simulation & Data Life Cycle Labs (SDLs) and Research Groups (POF4-511) (POF4-511)
2. NRW-FAIR (NW21-024-A) (NW21-024-A)
3. DFG project G:(GEPRIS)496127839 - Phasendiagramm und Phenomenologie des QCD Übergangs (496127839) (496127839)

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