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| Journal Article | FZJ-2026-03614 |
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2026
Elsevier B.V.
[Amsterdam]
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Please use a persistent id in citations: doi:10.1016/j.jspc.2025.100283 doi:10.34734/FZJ-2026-03614
Abstract: A standard way to compute the QCD crossover line in the temperature ($T$) - baryochemical potential ($μ_B$) plane with lattice techniques is to extract it from the chiral condensate or from the peak position of the chiral susceptibility. However, these quantities suffer from not-negligible volume effects, as shown in [1]. Here we draw the QCD crossover line from the peak position of an alternative observable, the static quark entropy ($S_Q(T, μ_B)$), based on the renormalized Polyakov loop, that was shown to have a peak in the vicinity of the chiral transition temperature in [2]. The advantage is that it has smaller volume effects. That allow us to extrapolate $S_Q(T, μ_B)$ by means of a Taylor expansion to eighth order in $μ_B$(NNNLO) on a $16 × 8$ lattice. We use high-statistics simulations with 2+1 4HEX staggered fermions at physical quark masses. The results are computed along the strangeness neutral line. We are able to draw the phase diagram up to $μ_B$ ≈ 400 MeV, finding a rough agreement with phenomenological estimates of the freeze-out curve in relativistic heavy ion collisions. We see that the width of the crossover increases at higher densities, disfavoring the existence of a critical endpoint in the explored range.
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