Age dependent changes in the neural substrates of empathy in Autism Spectrum Disorder

Schulte-Rüther, Martin; Fink, Gereon Rudolf; Konrad, K.; Kamp-Becker, I.; Herpertz-Dahlmann, B.; Remschmidt, H.; Piefke, M.; Greimel, E.

doi:10.1093/scan/nst088

Journal Article

FZJ-2013-04024

Age dependent changes in the neural substrates of empathy in Autism Spectrum Disorder

Schulte-Rüther, M. (Corresponding author)FZJ* ; Greimel, E. ; Piefke, M. ; Kamp-Becker, I. ; Remschmidt, H. ; Fink, G. R.FZJ* ; Herpertz-Dahlmann, B. ; Konrad, K.

2014
Oxford Univ. Press Oxford

Social cognitive and affective neuroscience 9(8), 1118-1126 (2014) [10.1093/scan/nst088]

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Please use a persistent id in citations: http://hdl.handle.net/2128/7980 doi:10.1093/scan/nst088

Abstract: In typical development, empathic abilities continue to refine during adolescence and early adulthood. Children and adolescents with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) show deficits in empathy, whereas adults with ASD may have developed compensatory strategies. We aimed at comparing developmental trajectories in the neural mechanisms underlying empathy in individuals with ASD and typically developing control (TDC) subjects. Using an explicit empathizing paradigm and functional magnetic resonance imaging, 27 participants with ASD and 27 TDC aged 12–31 years were investigated. Participants were asked to empathize with emotional faces and to either infer the face’s emotional state (other-task) or to judge their own emotional response (self-task). Differential age-dependent changes were evident during the self-task in the right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, right medial prefrontal cortex, right inferior parietal cortex, right anterior insula and occipital cortex. Age-dependent decreases in neural activation in TDC were paralleled by either increasing or unchanged age-dependent activation in ASD. These data suggest ASD-associated deviations in the developmental trajectories of self-related processing during empathizing. In TDC, age-dependent modulations of brain areas may reflect the ‘fine-tuning’ of cortical networks by reduction of task-unspecific brain activity. Increased age-related activation in individuals with ASD may indicate the development of compensatory mechanisms.

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