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Journal Article | FZJ-2016-01906 |
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2016
APS
College Park, Md.
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Please use a persistent id in citations: http://hdl.handle.net/2128/9974 doi:10.1103/PhysRevA.93.032110
Abstract: We study measures of decoherence and thermalization of a quantum system S in the presence of a quantum environment (bath) E. The entirety S+E is prepared in a canonical-thermal state at a finite temperature; that is, the entirety is in a steady state. Both our numerical results and theoretical predictions show that measures of the decoherence and the thermalization of S are generally finite, even in the thermodynamic limit, when the entirety S+E is at finite temperature. Notably, applying perturbation theory with respect to the system-environment coupling strength, we find that under common Hamiltonian symmetries, up to first order in the coupling strength it is sufficient to consider S uncoupled from E, but entangled with E, to predict decoherence and thermalization measures of S. This decoupling allows closed-form expressions for perturbative expansions for the measures of decoherence and thermalization in terms of the free energies of S and of E. Large-scale numerical results for both coupled and uncoupled entireties with up to 40 quantum spins support these findings.
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