Journal Article

FZJ-2019-05956

http://join2-wiki.gsi.de/foswiki/pub/Main/Artwork/join2_logo100x88.png Variation of Impedance in Lead-Acid Batteries in the Presence of Acid Stratification

Kwiecien, M. (Corresponding author)RWTH* ; Huck, M.RWTH* ; Badeda, J. ; Zorer, C.RWTH* ; Komut, K.RWTH* ; Yu, Q.RWTH* ; Sauer, D.FZJ*

2018
MDPI Basel

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Please use a persistent id in citations: http://hdl.handle.net/2128/24277  doi:10.3390/app8071018

Abstract: Acid stratification is a common issue in lead-acid batteries. The density of the electrolyte rises from the top to the bottom and causes inhomogeneous current distribution over the electrodes. The consequences are unequal aging processes provoking earlier battery failure. In stationary applications electrolyte circulation pumps are sporadical installed in the battery to mix the acid. For automotive applications passive mixing systems are implemented by some battery manufacturers against stratification. Stratification does not show any distinct voltage-current profile to be recognizable online. However, it increases the voltage and affects the impedance, which both are essential information for diagnostic purpose. Impedance spectra were performed here on lead-acid test cells with adjusted stratification levels to analyze the influence on the impedance in details. It is observed, that the high-frequency impedance is decreased in the stratified cell and that in contrast to this the charge-transfer resistance is increased. Based on simulations with a spatially-resolved equivalent electrical circuit the increased charge-transfer resistance could be explained with an inhomogeneous State-of-Charge resulting in an accumulation of sulfate crystals in the bottom part of the electrodes. These sulfate crystals further affected recorded impedance spectra after the electrolyte was homogenized.

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Contributing Institute(s):

1. Helmholtz-Institut Münster Ionenleiter für Energiespeicher (IEK-12)

Research Program(s):

1. 131 - Electrochemical Storage (POF3-131) (POF3-131)

Appears in the scientific report 2019

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Database coverage:
; ; ; ; Clarivate Analytics Master Journal List ; Current Contents - Engineering, Computing and Technology ; Current Contents - Physical, Chemical and Earth Sciences ; DOAJ Seal ; IF < 5 ; JCR ; SCOPUS ; Science Citation Index Expanded ; Web of Science Core Collection

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