Journal Article

FZJ-2022-04182

http://join2-wiki.gsi.de/foswiki/pub/Main/Artwork/join2_logo100x88.png The Influence of Frequency Containment Reserve on the Operational Data and the State of Health of the Hybrid Stationary Large-Scale Storage System

Jacqué, K. (Corresponding author) ; Koltermann, L. ; Figgener, J. ; Zurmühlen, S. ; Sauer, D. U.FZJ*

2022
MDPI Basel

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Please use a persistent id in citations: http://hdl.handle.net/2128/34093  doi:10.3390/en15041342

Abstract: The expansion of renewable energy with its volatile feed-in character places higher demandson the power grid of the future. Large-scale storage systems (LSS) are a promising option forsupporting the electricity grid and have been gaining importance in the last years, both on the marketfor frequency containment reserve (FCR) and in research. The majority of publications investigatingthe interaction between storage and FCR are based on simulations rather than on field measurements.This paper presents the analyses of multi-year, high-resolution field measurements of the hybrid6 MW/7.5 MWh battery storage “M5BAT” to address this issue. The influence of FCR operationon the operation and degradation of the hybrid LSS and the individual battery technologies isinvestigated via a statistical evaluation of the historical operating data between 2017 and 2021. Thedata-based analysis of the LSS and the individual battery technologies reveals a high availability ofthe LSS of over 96.5%. Furthermore, the FCR operation results in an average SOC of the LSS of 50.5%and an average C-rate of the battery units of 0.081 C. A capacity test after four years of operationexposes that the lead-acid batteries have experienced a loss of energy capacity of up to 36%, whereasthe lithium batteries have only experienced a loss of up to 5%. The calendar ageing predominates inthis context. The presented results can be used to investigate and model the influence of FCR on theoperation and battery degradation of the LSS and its different battery technologies.

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Contributing Institute(s):

1. Helmholtz-Institut Münster Ionenleiter für Energiespeicher (IEK-12)
2. JARA-ENERGY (JARA-ENERGY)

Research Program(s):

1. 1223 - Batteries in Application (POF4-122) (POF4-122)

Appears in the scientific report 2023

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Database coverage:
; ; ; ; Article Processing Charges ; Clarivate Analytics Master Journal List ; Current Contents - Engineering, Computing and Technology ; DOAJ Seal ; Ebsco Academic Search ; Essential Science Indicators ; Fees ; IF < 5 ; JCR ; SCOPUS ; Science Citation Index Expanded ; Web of Science Core Collection

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