Journal Article

FZJ-2014-05324

http://join2-wiki.gsi.de/foswiki/pub/Main/Artwork/join2_logo100x88.png 100 000 Frames/s 64 x 32 Single-Photon Detector Array for 2-D Imaging and 3-D Ranging

Bronzi, D. (Corresponding Author) ; Villa, F. ; Tisa, S. ; Tosi, A. ; Zappa, F. ; Durini, D.FZJ* ; Weyers, S. ; Brockherde, W.

2014
IEEE New York, NY

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Please use a persistent id in citations: doi:10.1109/JSTQE.2014.2341562

Abstract: We report on the design and characterization of a multipurpose 64 × 32 CMOS single-photon avalanche diode (SPAD) array. The chip is fabricated in a high-voltage 0.35-μm CMOS technology and consists of 2048 pixels, each combining a very low noise (100 cps at 5-V excess bias) 30-μm SPAD, a prompt avalanche sensing circuit, and digital processing electronics. The array not only delivers two-dimensional intensity information through photon counting in either free-running (down to 10-μs integration time) or time-gated mode, but can also perform smart light demodulation with in-pixel background suppression. The latter feature enables phase-resolved imaging for extracting either three-dimensional depth-resolved images or decay lifetime maps, bymeasuring the phase shift between amodulated excitation light and the reflected photons. Pixel-level memories enable fully parallel processing and global-shutter readout, preventing motion artifacts (e.g., skew, wobble, motion blur) and partial exposure effects. The array is able to acquire very fast optical events at high frame-rate (up to 100 000 fps) and at single-photon level. Lownoise SPADs ensure high dynamic range (up to 110 dB at 100 fps) with peak photon detection efficiency of almost 50% at 410 nm. The SPAD imager provides different operating modes, thus, enabling both time-domain applications, like fluorescence lifetime imaging (FLIM) and fluorescence correlation spectroscopy, as well as frequency-domain FLIM and lock-in 3-D ranging for automotive vision and lidar.

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Contributing Institute(s):

1. Zentralinstitut für Elektronik (ZEA-2)

Research Program(s):

1. 143 - Radiation Research (POF2-143) (POF2-143)
2. 434 - Optics and Photonics (POF2-434) (POF2-434)
3. 433 - Process Development (POF2-433) (POF2-433)
4. 472 - Key Technologies and Innovation Processes (POF2-472) (POF2-472)
5. 541 - Photons (POF2-541) (POF2-541)

Appears in the scientific report 2014

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Database coverage:
; Current Contents - Engineering, Computing and Technology ; Current Contents - Physical, Chemical and Earth Sciences ; IF < 5 ; JCR ; SCOPUS ; Science Citation Index ; Science Citation Index Expanded ; Thomson Reuters Master Journal List ; Web of Science Core Collection

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