Journal Article

FZJ-2022-04201

http://join2-wiki.gsi.de/foswiki/pub/Main/Artwork/join2_logo100x88.png The influence of frequency containment reserve on the efficiency of a hybrid stationary large-scale storage system

Jacqué, K. (Corresponding author) ; Koltermann, L. ; Figgener, J. ; Zurmühlen, S. ; Sauer, D. U.FZJ*

2022
Elsevier Amsterdam [u.a.]

This record in other databases:  

Please use a persistent id in citations: doi:10.1016/j.est.2022.104961  doi:10.34734/FZJ-2022-04201

Abstract: Large-scale battery storage systems are predestined for balancing the fluctuating feed-in from renewable energiesand supporting the electricity grid due to their high efficiency. As a result, large-scale storage has gainedimportance in the market for frequency support reserve (FCR). While the first LSS projects had to be plannedwithout operational experience a couple of years ago, new LSS can benefit from the evaluation of measured fielddata. Especially the real-word efficiencies are key information for electricity procuring costs and arbitragetrading. To contribute filling this information gap, this paper investigates the efficiency of the hybrid LSS, itstransformers, its inverters, the individual battery technologies (two types of lead-acid and three types of lithiumionbatteries) and the influence of FCR provision on efficiency. High-resolution field measurements of the hybrid6 MW/7.5 MWh battery storage system “M5BAT” at the FCR market over several years serve as the basis. Thedata-based efficiency analysis reveals a high round-trip efficiency of 72.8% (with self-consumption: 66.2%) forthe LSS in operation. In this context, the lithium-ion batteries have a higher round-trip efficiency of 97.4% thanthe lead-acid batteries with 85%. Low load on the transformers and the inverters leads to an average powerweightedpower efficiency of less than 95%. The results presented can be used to model LSS and its varioussystem components and battery technologies in order to further analyse the participation in chosen energymarkets.

---

Contributing Institute(s):

1. Helmholtz-Institut Münster Ionenleiter für Energiespeicher (IEK-12)
2. JARA-ENERGY (JARA-ENERGY)

Research Program(s):

1. 1223 - Batteries in Application (POF4-122) (POF4-122)

Appears in the scientific report 2023

---

Database coverage:
; ; Clarivate Analytics Master Journal List ; Current Contents - Engineering, Computing and Technology ; Essential Science Indicators ; IF < 5 ; JCR ; SCOPUS ; Science Citation Index Expanded ; Web of Science Core Collection

---