Journal Article

FZJ-2022-04612

http://join2-wiki.gsi.de/foswiki/pub/Main/Artwork/join2_logo100x88.png Magnetic hopfions in solids

Rybakov, F. N. (Corresponding author) ; Kiselev, N. S.FZJ* ; Borisov, A. B. ; Döring, L. ; Melcher, C. ; Blügel, S.FZJ*

2022
AIP Publ. Melville, NY

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Please use a persistent id in citations: http://hdl.handle.net/2128/32571  doi:10.1063/5.0099942

Abstract: Hopfions are an intriguing class of string-like solitons, named according to a classical topological concept classifying three-dimensional direction fields. The search for hopfions in real physical systems has been ongoing for nearly half a century, starting with the seminal work of Faddeev. However, so far, realizations in bulk solids are missing. Here, we show that hopfions appear as emergent particles of the classical Heisenberg model with competing exchange interactions. This requires going beyond the model approach used in prior work and deriving a general micromagnetic energy functional directly from a spin-lattice Hamiltonian. We present a definite parameter space in which the existence of hopfions is possible. This opens a concrete vista to combine computational approaches such as density functional theory with material informatics to find magnetic crystals that can host hopfions. As proof of principle, we show how zero-field hopfions can be visualized by the means of off-axis electron holography in a transmission electron microscope.

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Contributing Institute(s):

1. Quanten-Theorie der Materialien (IAS-1)
2. Quanten-Theorie der Materialien (PGI-1)
3. JARA-FIT (JARA-FIT)
4. JARA - HPC (JARA-HPC)

Research Program(s):

1. 5211 - Topological Matter (POF4-521) (POF4-521)

Appears in the scientific report 2022

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